Rainer Bernard joined the Maison Van Cleef & Arpels in 2011. Today, he is Head of Research and Development for Watchmaking. He holds an Engineering degree (1994) and a Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering (1999) from the Technical University of Munich, Germany. He worked for several years in the U.S. as a Senior Engineer and Director of development of fiber optics components and systems, before moving to France to take part in a project to create high-power lasers. Rainer Bernard joined the Richemont group in 2006 as Head of Mechanical Engineering in charge of exterior watch pieces at Maison Piaget. Thanks to his technical expertise and his passion for research and innovation, he makes key contributions to both, the watchmaking business and the development of automata at Van Cleef & Arpels, thus contributing to the expression of Poetry of Time, dear to the Maison.